Water Cycle Quizlet
Water Cycle: the movement of water between Earth’s surface and atmosphere
atmosphere: the mixture of gases and dust that surrounds Earth
energy: the ability to make things move or change
evaporation: the change from a liquid to water vapor (gas)
transpiration: the process of plants giving off water through stomata in leaves; water evaporating from plant leaves
condensation: the change from water vapor to a liquid
precipitation: water that falls from a cloud in the atmosphere in the form of rain, snow, hail, or sleet
runoff: excess water that the ground cannot absorb; flows over the land surfaces into bodies of water.
collection: when precipitation accumulates in a body of water, in the ground, or as runoff to a body of water
Water Cycle Link 1
ECOSYSTEMS Quizlet
Ecosystem: all living and non-living things in an environment
Biotic: living parts
Ex: human, animals, tree, bacteria
Abiotic: non-living parts
Ex: cloud, rocks, minerals, air, sun
Producer: organism that produces its own food, using energy from the sun (photosynthesis)
Ex: plants, algae
Photosynthesis: the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use energy from sunlight to make their own food
Consumer: organism that relies on other organisms for food
Ex: fox, wolf, human
Decomposer: organism that gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead organisms
Ex: vulture
Herbivore: an animal that eats only plants
Ex: deer, rabbit
Carnivore: an animal that eats only other animals
Ex: lion, hawk
Omnivore: eats both plants and animals
Ex: bear, cat
Population: a group of organisms of the same species living in the same place
Ex: the number of deer that live in Willow Spring, NC
Community: made up of all the populations that live in the same area
Ex: the number of animals (the population of deer, fox, dogs, cats, etc) that live in Willow Spring, NC
Habitat: the physical space used by a population = home
Ex: bear
Prey: organism that is eaten / hunted
Ex: fish
Limiting Factors: nonliving (abiotic) resources (light, water, soil) that limit the # of organisms living in an ecosystem
Food Chain: shows path of energy as it flows from one organism to another
Ex: grass à mouse à snake à hawk
Food Web: diagram of several connected food chains
Human Body Systems & Genetics Quizlet
Genetics: the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
Heredity: the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.
DNA: material in life forms that transfer genetic characteristics from parents to offspring
characteristics: qualities of an organism
traits: distinguishing characteristics
offspring: the young of a person, animal, or plant
inherited characteristics/traits: passed to offspring from parents; determined before birth. Examples in humans include eye color, hair color, & skin color. Plants inherit flower color, seed shape, leaf pattern, and leaf shape. Animals inherit fur color, fur length, patterns, and ear shape.
behaviors: the way an organism acts in its environment
instincts: behaviors that are inborn and do not require teaching, such as breathing, hibernating, and migrating
learned behaviors: actions carried out by an animal or human based on experience
Nervous System Quizlet
Spinal Cord: The nervous tissue that begins at the brain and runs lengthwise along the back inside the vertebra, carrying impulses to and from the brain
Neurons: Cells that join together to form the communication system between the brain and body parts
Reflexes: The involuntary action of a body part caused by an outside action
Brain: The organ that controls thought and the functions of all the other parts of the body
Nervous System: The body system made up of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that receives and interprets information, then sends impulses to our body parts.
Nerves: Tissues made from neurons that form the paths of communication between our body cells and the brain
Skeletal & Muscular System Quizlet
Skeletal System: Body system that provides support for the body and protects the body’s organs
Marrow: Jellylike center of the bone that produces blood cells and platelets
Tendon: Tissue that holds muscles to bones
Ligament: Tissue that holds bone to bone
Cartilage: This keeps bones from touching other bones
Muscular System: Body system made of stretchy tissue that allows the body to move
Muscle: Tissue or organ of the body with the ability to move
Voluntary Muscles: Muscles that move by choice; allow the bones and cartilage of the skeleton to move
Involuntary Muscles: Smooth muscles found in the skin, digestive system and other internal organs that move automatically
Digestive System Quizlet
Esophagus - The tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Bile - A thick liquid that is sent from the liver to the stomach to aid in breaking down food.
Digestive System - The group of organs that work together to digest our food.
Mouth - The opening through which food enters the body.
Anus - The opening that allows waste to be passed out of our body.
Pancreas - An organ that sends chemicals into the stomach to aid in the breaking down of food.
Tongue - An organ in the mouth that aids in mixing food with saliva.
Large Intestines - A tube that removes water from waste before the waste leaves our body.
Liver - The largest organ of the body, sends bile to the stomach and also cleans our food before it passes to our cells.
Gall Bladder - A sac in which bile from the liver is stored.
Digest - The process of breaking down food so our cells can use it.
Stomach - The main organ in the digestive system - most breaking down of food occurs here.
Small Intestines - A tube, about 23 feet long that allows digested food to enter our blood vessels.
Rectum - An organ that holds waste until it passes from our body.
Respiratory System Vocabulary Quizlet
Larynx: Also known as the voice box, air passes through this tube on its way to the trachea
Mouth: The body organ that allows air to enter the body when the nostrils are not being used
Nose: The body organ that contains the nostrils
Diaphragm: The large muscle of the chest cavity that contracts and expands to force air into and out of the lungs
Bronchial Tubes: The tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs and allows air to enter the lungs
Inhale: The breathing procedure of bringing air into the body
Ribs: The bones that protect the lungs
Respiratory System: The group of organs that work together to bring oxygen to our cells
Throat: The tube through which air passes from the nasal passage to the larynx
Nostrils: The holes in the nose through which air enters the body
Alveoli: A grapelike group of thin-walled sacs in the lungs that inflate as we breathe and pass oxygen into the blood
Lungs: The main organ of the respiratory system
Trachea: Also known as the windpipe, this tube in the passage for air from the larynx to the bronchial tubes
Exhale: The breathing procedure of removing air from the body
Respiration: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in our blood
Circulatory System Quizlet
Circulatory System: The group of organs that work together to bring blood to our cells.
Circulate: The action of moving about, usually in a circle
Heart: The large muscle of the circulatory system that pumps blood
Blood: The name given to the cells and plasma that carry food, water, and oxygen to our body cells.
Plasma: The liquid that carries blood cells.
Blood Vessels: The tubes of the circulatory system that carry blood
Arteries: The blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart through the body
Capillaries: The blood vessels that exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide as they pass the body cells
Vein: The blood vessels that carry blood from the cells back to the heart.
Platelets: Blood cells that cause blood to clot and bleeding to stop.
Red blood cells: Blood cells carrying oxygen
White blood cells: Blood cells that fight disease
Physical Change: a change where no new materials form; does not change the kind of matter an object is made of. A change in state of matter is a physical change.
Chemical Change: a change in which one or more new types of matter form. Materials react with each other, or combine in new ways to form other materials. Example: rust forming on metal, veggies changing color when rotting, a gas given off when two materials combine.
Heat Transfer Quizlet
1. Conduction: the transfer of thermal energy between things that are touching
Ex: On a beach on a summer day – your feet feel hot from the sand. Over time the heat from the sand will transfer to your cooler feet, until both the sand and your feet are the same temperature.
Ex: Heating a pot of water on an electric stove. Heat moves from the hot surface to the metal of the pot. The heat travels to the water on the bottom. As the bottom of the pot gets hot, heat also moves to the middle and then the top and out to the handle.
Conductor: a material through which heat can move easily
Ex: iron, silver, copper, aluminum, stainless steel
Insulator: a material that heat does not move through easily
Ex: plastic, wood, rubber, glass
2. Convection: the transfer of thermal energy by movement of liquids or gases
Ex: Pot on the stove
General Weather Terms Quizlet
Weather Instrument Quizlet
Water Cycle Quizlet
Clouds Quizlet
Air Pressure, Fronts Quizlet
Wind Quizlet
Ocean Current Quizlet
Forces and Motion Quizlet
force: a push or a pull
inertia: the tendency for an object to resist a change in its state in motion (an object at rest will stay at rest)
balanced forces: forces that cancel each other out when acting together on a single object
gravity: a force of attraction between 2 objects due to their mass
unbalanced forces: forces that do not cancel each other out when acting together on a single object
velocity: the speed and direction of a moving object
speed: changes in velocity with respect to time
position: location of an object
acceleration: how fast an object’s position is changing with time at any moment
friction: a force that opposes the motion of one object moving past another
momentum: Combination of mass and speed
SCIENCE EOG REVIEW WEBSITE
EOG REVIEW QUIZLETS
atmosphere: the mixture of gases and dust that surrounds Earth
energy: the ability to make things move or change
evaporation: the change from a liquid to water vapor (gas)
transpiration: the process of plants giving off water through stomata in leaves; water evaporating from plant leaves
condensation: the change from water vapor to a liquid
precipitation: water that falls from a cloud in the atmosphere in the form of rain, snow, hail, or sleet
runoff: excess water that the ground cannot absorb; flows over the land surfaces into bodies of water.
collection: when precipitation accumulates in a body of water, in the ground, or as runoff to a body of water
Water Cycle Link 1
ECOSYSTEMS Quizlet
Ecosystem: all living and non-living things in an environment
Biotic: living parts
Ex: human, animals, tree, bacteria
Abiotic: non-living parts
Ex: cloud, rocks, minerals, air, sun
Producer: organism that produces its own food, using energy from the sun (photosynthesis)
Ex: plants, algae
Photosynthesis: the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use energy from sunlight to make their own food
Consumer: organism that relies on other organisms for food
Ex: fox, wolf, human
Decomposer: organism that gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead organisms
- “recyclers” because they return nutrients to soil
- Ex: earthworms
Ex: vulture
Herbivore: an animal that eats only plants
Ex: deer, rabbit
Carnivore: an animal that eats only other animals
Ex: lion, hawk
Omnivore: eats both plants and animals
Ex: bear, cat
Population: a group of organisms of the same species living in the same place
Ex: the number of deer that live in Willow Spring, NC
Community: made up of all the populations that live in the same area
Ex: the number of animals (the population of deer, fox, dogs, cats, etc) that live in Willow Spring, NC
Habitat: the physical space used by a population = home
- Includes living and nonliving parts
- Includes habitat, climate he lives in, when & what they eat
Ex: bear
Prey: organism that is eaten / hunted
Ex: fish
Limiting Factors: nonliving (abiotic) resources (light, water, soil) that limit the # of organisms living in an ecosystem
Food Chain: shows path of energy as it flows from one organism to another
Ex: grass à mouse à snake à hawk
Food Web: diagram of several connected food chains
- Arrow follows the path of energy SO the arrow points towards the eater
Human Body Systems & Genetics Quizlet
Genetics: the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
Heredity: the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.
DNA: material in life forms that transfer genetic characteristics from parents to offspring
characteristics: qualities of an organism
traits: distinguishing characteristics
offspring: the young of a person, animal, or plant
inherited characteristics/traits: passed to offspring from parents; determined before birth. Examples in humans include eye color, hair color, & skin color. Plants inherit flower color, seed shape, leaf pattern, and leaf shape. Animals inherit fur color, fur length, patterns, and ear shape.
behaviors: the way an organism acts in its environment
instincts: behaviors that are inborn and do not require teaching, such as breathing, hibernating, and migrating
learned behaviors: actions carried out by an animal or human based on experience
Nervous System Quizlet
Spinal Cord: The nervous tissue that begins at the brain and runs lengthwise along the back inside the vertebra, carrying impulses to and from the brain
Neurons: Cells that join together to form the communication system between the brain and body parts
Reflexes: The involuntary action of a body part caused by an outside action
Brain: The organ that controls thought and the functions of all the other parts of the body
Nervous System: The body system made up of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves that receives and interprets information, then sends impulses to our body parts.
Nerves: Tissues made from neurons that form the paths of communication between our body cells and the brain
Skeletal & Muscular System Quizlet
Skeletal System: Body system that provides support for the body and protects the body’s organs
Marrow: Jellylike center of the bone that produces blood cells and platelets
Tendon: Tissue that holds muscles to bones
Ligament: Tissue that holds bone to bone
Cartilage: This keeps bones from touching other bones
Muscular System: Body system made of stretchy tissue that allows the body to move
Muscle: Tissue or organ of the body with the ability to move
Voluntary Muscles: Muscles that move by choice; allow the bones and cartilage of the skeleton to move
Involuntary Muscles: Smooth muscles found in the skin, digestive system and other internal organs that move automatically
Digestive System Quizlet
Esophagus - The tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.
Bile - A thick liquid that is sent from the liver to the stomach to aid in breaking down food.
Digestive System - The group of organs that work together to digest our food.
Mouth - The opening through which food enters the body.
Anus - The opening that allows waste to be passed out of our body.
Pancreas - An organ that sends chemicals into the stomach to aid in the breaking down of food.
Tongue - An organ in the mouth that aids in mixing food with saliva.
Large Intestines - A tube that removes water from waste before the waste leaves our body.
Liver - The largest organ of the body, sends bile to the stomach and also cleans our food before it passes to our cells.
Gall Bladder - A sac in which bile from the liver is stored.
Digest - The process of breaking down food so our cells can use it.
Stomach - The main organ in the digestive system - most breaking down of food occurs here.
Small Intestines - A tube, about 23 feet long that allows digested food to enter our blood vessels.
Rectum - An organ that holds waste until it passes from our body.
Respiratory System Vocabulary Quizlet
Larynx: Also known as the voice box, air passes through this tube on its way to the trachea
Mouth: The body organ that allows air to enter the body when the nostrils are not being used
Nose: The body organ that contains the nostrils
Diaphragm: The large muscle of the chest cavity that contracts and expands to force air into and out of the lungs
Bronchial Tubes: The tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs and allows air to enter the lungs
Inhale: The breathing procedure of bringing air into the body
Ribs: The bones that protect the lungs
Respiratory System: The group of organs that work together to bring oxygen to our cells
Throat: The tube through which air passes from the nasal passage to the larynx
Nostrils: The holes in the nose through which air enters the body
Alveoli: A grapelike group of thin-walled sacs in the lungs that inflate as we breathe and pass oxygen into the blood
Lungs: The main organ of the respiratory system
Trachea: Also known as the windpipe, this tube in the passage for air from the larynx to the bronchial tubes
Exhale: The breathing procedure of removing air from the body
Respiration: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in our blood
Circulatory System Quizlet
Circulatory System: The group of organs that work together to bring blood to our cells.
Circulate: The action of moving about, usually in a circle
Heart: The large muscle of the circulatory system that pumps blood
Blood: The name given to the cells and plasma that carry food, water, and oxygen to our body cells.
Plasma: The liquid that carries blood cells.
Blood Vessels: The tubes of the circulatory system that carry blood
Arteries: The blood vessels that carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart through the body
Capillaries: The blood vessels that exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide as they pass the body cells
Vein: The blood vessels that carry blood from the cells back to the heart.
Platelets: Blood cells that cause blood to clot and bleeding to stop.
Red blood cells: Blood cells carrying oxygen
White blood cells: Blood cells that fight disease
Physical Change: a change where no new materials form; does not change the kind of matter an object is made of. A change in state of matter is a physical change.
Chemical Change: a change in which one or more new types of matter form. Materials react with each other, or combine in new ways to form other materials. Example: rust forming on metal, veggies changing color when rotting, a gas given off when two materials combine.
Heat Transfer Quizlet
1. Conduction: the transfer of thermal energy between things that are touching
Ex: On a beach on a summer day – your feet feel hot from the sand. Over time the heat from the sand will transfer to your cooler feet, until both the sand and your feet are the same temperature.
Ex: Heating a pot of water on an electric stove. Heat moves from the hot surface to the metal of the pot. The heat travels to the water on the bottom. As the bottom of the pot gets hot, heat also moves to the middle and then the top and out to the handle.
Conductor: a material through which heat can move easily
Ex: iron, silver, copper, aluminum, stainless steel
Insulator: a material that heat does not move through easily
Ex: plastic, wood, rubber, glass
2. Convection: the transfer of thermal energy by movement of liquids or gases
Ex: Pot on the stove
- Remember that the water at the bottom of the pot is heated by the metal pot that it is touching. This is conduction.
- Convection currents transfer heat throughout the water. Convection currents form because warm water is lighter than cooler water (same is true for air, as we previously learned in the weather unit). So cool water sinks, gets warmed, and then rises. This is a constant cycle.
- Convection currents also warm air in a room. Warm air rises, cools, and then sinks. The cycle continues.
- Convection currents also move heat through Earth’s oceans and atmosphere.
- transfers heat through matter and empty space
- the sun is Earth’s main source of electromagnetic waves
- this energy drives the water cycle
General Weather Terms Quizlet
Weather Instrument Quizlet
Water Cycle Quizlet
Clouds Quizlet
Air Pressure, Fronts Quizlet
Wind Quizlet
Ocean Current Quizlet
Forces and Motion Quizlet
force: a push or a pull
inertia: the tendency for an object to resist a change in its state in motion (an object at rest will stay at rest)
balanced forces: forces that cancel each other out when acting together on a single object
gravity: a force of attraction between 2 objects due to their mass
unbalanced forces: forces that do not cancel each other out when acting together on a single object
velocity: the speed and direction of a moving object
speed: changes in velocity with respect to time
position: location of an object
acceleration: how fast an object’s position is changing with time at any moment
friction: a force that opposes the motion of one object moving past another
momentum: Combination of mass and speed
SCIENCE EOG REVIEW WEBSITE
EOG REVIEW QUIZLETS